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目的探讨超容量负荷联合压力负荷建立家兔心衰模型的可行性。方法 22只家兔随机分为两组:心衰组11只和假手术组11只;先诱导主动脉瓣关闭不全,2周后腹主动脉缩窄,制造超容量负荷及压力负荷,利用心导管术和心脏多谱勒观察术前后家兔血流动力学及心脏结构和功能的变化。结果 (1)心衰组术后主动脉收缩压、脉压、左室舒张末压较术前及假手术组明显增加(P<0．01);(2)心衰组术后左房内径、室间隔厚度、左室收缩和舒张末径明显增加(P<0．01), 射血分数及左室缩短率明显降低(P<0．01);(3)心衰组左室／体重比、肺脏／体重比明显高于假手术组(P<0．01)。结论超容量负荷结合压力负荷建立心衰模型方法可行,心衰形成时间短, 重复性好,且成功率较高,符合人类慢性心衰发展过程。
Objective To explore the feasibility of establishing a model of heart failure in rabbits by overloading combined stress load. Methods Twenty-two rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: heart failure group (n = 11) and sham operation group (n = 11). Aortic valve insufficiency was induced at first. After 2 weeks, abdominal aorta was constricted to make overloaded capacity and pressure load. Changes of hemodynamics and cardiac structure and function in rabbits before and after catheterization and cardiac Doppler echocardiography. Results (1) The aortic systolic pressure, pulse pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in heart failure group were significantly higher than those in preoperative and postoperative group (P <0.01); (2) (P <0.01), ejection fraction and left ventricular shortening decreased significantly (P <0.01); (3) Left ventricular mass and heart weight The lung / body weight ratio was significantly higher than that of the sham operation group (P <0.01). Conclusion The method of establishing heart failure model with excess capacity load and pressure load is feasible, the time of heart failure is short, the repeatability is good, and the success rate is high, which is in line with the development of human chronic heart failure.