汉语“前”和日语「前」都是通过参照物确定的,都以运动的方向为“前”。但汉语“前”的语义范围要比日语「前」广,汉语的“前”可以和日语的「先」对应;汉语“前”和日语「前」的时间意义都是通过空间的隐喻来实现的,但日语「前」可以和汉语的“上”对应,而汉语的“前”也有日语「までに」的意义;隐喻意义也存在共性:汉语“前”和日语「前」都可以指社会地位高、辈分高的人,或公开的、先进的、美好的、光明的事物,但日语「前」可隐喻为“量词”的用法,而汉语的“前”没有此用法。 Chinese “before” and Japanese “before” are determined by reference, both in the direction of movement “before ”. However, the semantic range of Chinese “Qian ” is broader than that of Japanese “Qian”, and the “Qian” of Chinese can correspond to the “first” of Japanese. The meanings of both Chinese “Qian” and “Qian” Through the metaphor of space, but the Japanese “前” can correspond to the “上 上” in Chinese while the “前” in Chinese also has the meaning of “ま で に” in Japanese. The metaphorical meaning is also common: Chinese “ Former Japanese ”and“ Japanese ”can refer to people with high social status and high rank, or open, advanced, beautiful and bright things, but Japanese“ before ”can be metaphorically used as“ quantifier ” The Chinese “before ” does not have this usage.