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目的:为了控制抗菌药物的过多及不合理使用,本研究评估一个大型综合性教学医院1993年4月～1994年3月的抗菌药物的使用方式及费用构成.方法:应用WHO每日规定量(DDD)方法估算每个抗菌药物使用的相对频率.结果:青霉素类(67.25%)、头孢菌素类(12.89%)、甲硝唑(6.06%)、磺胺类(单独使用或与甲氧苄啶并用)(3.16%)、四环素类(2.74%)、大环内酯类(2.30%)、喹诺酮类(2.19%)及氨基甙类(1.51%)为最常用的抗菌药物.头孢菌素类(55.28%)、青霉素类(16.21%)、亚胺培南/西司他丁(12.19%)三项合计占同时期抗菌药物总支出179万美元的88.04%.因为日治疗金额较高和(或)使用普遍,头孢他定(21.55%)、头孢呋新注射剂(16.64%)及亚胺培南/西司他丁(12.19%)是支出最高的三个项目,是需进行干预的明显目标.结论:药物利用及费用分析研究,有助于鉴定费用遏制方案的可能目标.
Objective: In order to control excessive and unreasonable use of antibacterial drugs, this study evaluated the use of antibiotics and their cost components from April 1993 to March 1994 in a large-scale comprehensive teaching hospital. Method: Apply WHO daily prescribed amount (DDD) method to estimate the relative frequency of use of each antibacterial drug. Results: penicillins (67.25%), cephalosporins (12.89%), metronidazole (6.06%), sulfonamides (alone or with trimethoprim) Pyridoxime (3.16%), tetracyclines (2.74%), macrolides (2.30%), quinolones (2.19%) and aminoguanidines (1.51%) are the most commonly used antibiotics. Cephalosporins (55.28%), penicillins (16.21%), and imipenem/cilastatin (12.19%) accounted for 88.04% of the total expenditure of antibiotics for the same period of USD 1.79 million. Because the daily treatment amount was higher and ( Or) Use is common, ceftazidime (21.55%), cefuroxime injection (16.64%) and imipenem/cilastatin (12.19%) are the three projects with the highest expenditures, which is a clear target for intervention. Conclusion: Drug utilization and cost analysis studies can help identify possible targets for cost containment options.