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中国戏曲艺术的美学原则和艺术特性——综合性、程式性、虚拟性、写意性(或称程式化、虚拟性、写意型),在众多剧种中,以京剧体现得最为充分、最为集中,具有代表性,这是世有定评,众所认同的。在京剧诞生之前,中国戏曲艺术的表演体系早已形成格局。从唐代歌舞戏、参军戏到宋、金的杂剧、院本,及至宋元南戏和北杂剧时期,就已奠定了基础;早于京剧二三百年的昆剧集其大成,正式形成了完整、严谨的表演艺术体系,故得”百剧之师”称号;产生、形成于中国中、西部民间的秦腔(梆子)的表演艺术,也早在京
Aesthetic principles and artistic characteristics of Chinese opera art - comprehensive, programmatic, virtual, and freehand (or stylized, virtual, freehand type), are among the most popular operas, Representative, this is the world has given comment, generally accepted. Before the birth of Beijing Opera, the performance system of Chinese opera art had already formed a pattern. From the Tang Dynasty Song and Dance Drama, the participation of the military to the Song and Jin’s Zaju, Yiben, until the Song and Yuan Dynasties and the Northern Drama Period, has laid a foundation; earlier than the Beijing Opera two or three hundred years of Kunqu Opera Dacheng, formally formed Complete, rigorous performance art system, it is “the division of the title of the play”; produced, formed in China, the western folk songs of the Qin chamber (Bangzi) performing arts, as early as Beijing