一、文本的“快感”从关注作者意图到重视作品本身,是20世纪西方文论最显著的变化。而在20世纪末,作为重要流派的后结构主义(结构主义的继续和变体),为文论在21世纪的发展指明了新的方向——读者批评。聚焦作品本身是20世纪西方文论的共同倾向,英美新批评、俄国形式主义,加上索绪尔语言学的引入,又使结构主义为20世纪西方文论画上最浓墨重彩的一笔。文学理论,这个人文色彩极浓的名称,也披上了科学的外衣。结构主 First, the text “pleasure ” From the attention of the author to the emphasis on the work itself, is the most significant change in Western literary theory of the 20th century. At the end of the 20th century, post-structuralism (the continuation and variation of structuralism) as an important genre has pointed out a new direction for the development of literary theory in the 21st century - a reader’s criticism. Focusing on the work itself is the common tendency of Western literary theory in the 20th century. The new criticism from Britain and the United States, Russian formalism and the introduction of Saussure’s linguistics make structuralism the most outstanding feature of Western literary theory in the 20th century. Literary theory, the very name of human color, also put on the cloak of science. Structure main