在多层混合结构房屋中,往往需要在下层设置大空间。当解决下层为大空间、上层为小空间的结构处理方法,一般采用墙梁结构,即在钢筋混凝土托梁上砌筑砖墙,托梁同时承托砌体重量及其上楼盖和屋盖的各种荷载,砌体作为结构的一部分与托梁共同工作(图1).在墙梁的设计中,目前大体存在三种设计方法:①不虑考砌体的作用,将托梁上的全部砌体及各层楼盖、屋盖的重量以及其它荷载作用于钢筋混凝土托梁上,对托梁进行受弯构件的计算。这是一种比较粗略的设计,将使托梁的截面尺寸和配筋量 In a multi-layer mixed-structure house, it is often necessary to provide a large space in the lower floor. When solving the structural treatment method in which the lower layer is a large space and the upper layer is a small space, a wall-beam structure is generally adopted, ie, a brick wall is masoned on a reinforced concrete joist, and the joist supports the weight of the masonry and the upper floor cover and the roof thereof at the same time. The various loads, masonry as part of the structure work together with the joist (Figure 1). In the design of wall beams, there are currently three general design methods: 1 do not consider the role of masonry, the joists on the All the masonry and the weight of each floor cover and roof and other loads act on the reinforced concrete joist, and calculate the bending members of the joist. This is a relatively rough design that will make the joist cross section size and amount of reinforcement