论文部分内容阅读
目的通过分析临清市2008—2012年病毒性肝炎流行现状及特征,探讨防控对策。方法运用描述流行病学的方法对国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统中临清市2008—2012年病毒性肝炎监测数据进行分析。结果 2008—2012年临清市共报告病毒性肝炎1 029例,报告发病率在20.56/10万~37.35/10万之间波动,年均发病率为28.12/10万,居临清市甲乙类传染病发病率的第2位。乙型肝炎是临清市病毒性肝炎的主要病种,占总报告病例数的84.74%;丙型肝炎发病率呈上升趋势,未分型肝炎发病率呈逐年下降趋势。时间、地区分布没有明显聚集性,年龄分布主要以20~49岁年龄组为主,男女性别比为1.55∶1;病例职业以农民为主,占69.39%(714/1 029)。结论该市应重点做好乙型肝炎的防控工作,在做好甲型、乙型肝炎疫苗常规免疫的基础上,加强重点人群的免疫接种工作;加强健康教育,提高群众自身防病能力;加强血液制品管理,减少医源性感染,进一步降低肝炎发病率。
Objective To analyze the current situation and characteristics of viral hepatitis in Linqing City from 2008 to 2012 and to discuss the prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the surveillance data of viral hepatitis in Linqing City from 2008 to 2012 in the National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System. Results A total of 1 029 cases of viral hepatitis were reported in Linqing City from 2008 to 2012, with the reported incidence fluctuating between 20.56 / lakh and 37.35 / lakh, with an annual average incidence of 28.12 / lakh. Infectious disease incidence of the second place. Hepatitis B is the main type of viral hepatitis in Linqing City, accounting for 84.74% of the total reported cases. The incidence of hepatitis C is on the rise, and the incidence of non-type hepatitis is declining year by year. There was no obvious aggregation of time and area. The age distribution was dominated by the age group of 20-49, with a sex ratio of 1.55:1. The majority of cases were farmers, accounting for 69.39% (714/1 029). Conclusion The city should focus on the prevention and control of hepatitis B, strengthen the immunization of key populations on the basis of routine immunization of hepatitis A and B vaccines, strengthen health education and enhance people’s ability to prevent diseases. Strengthen blood product management, reduce iatrogenic infection and further reduce the incidence of hepatitis.