Based on analysis of the relation between mean penetration depth and source-detector separation in a three-layer model with the method of Monte-Carlo simulation, an optimal source-detector separation is derived from the mean penetration depth referring to
We report a 1.8 μm two-section distributed Bragg reflector laser using butt-jointed InGaAsP bulk material as the waveguide core layer. The threshold current is 17 mA and the output power is 8 mW on average. The threshold current, output power, and emittin