论文部分内容阅读
本文作者Clifford Geertz为当今美国首席文化人类学家,美国科学院院士,自1970年起任普林斯顿高等研究院人类学教授迄今。吉氏1926年生于旧金山,毕业于哈佛大学,曾先后任教于加州大学和芝加哥大学;自50年代起曾多次前往印度尼西亚和北非从事田野考察研究。主要著作有《文化的解释》(1973年),《爪哇的宗教》(1960年),《巴里人的时间和行为》(1966年),《伊斯兰的观察》(1968年),以及《人类学家作为作家》(1988年)。 吉尔兹自述道:“我的文化观是符号学的,人陷入意谓的网络中。文化即人类自织之网。对其所做的分析不是为了寻找法则,而是去解释其社会表现的意义。”(《文化的解释》)。自70年代以来吉氏逐渐成为美国当代文化解释学的重镇之一,并代表了今日在美国极为发达的文化理论的研究方向。 本文为作者1983年在全美人类学年会上所做的“杰出人类学家讲演”,全文首次刊载于《美国人类学家杂志》1984年6月号。中译文根据收入此文的《相对主义:解释和论争》文集(1989年由M·克劳兹编选)译出。本文主题针对当代思想世界中最高理智激发性和最易引起争议的人类知识相对性问题,其风格是对诸相关问题本身的构成进行分析,因而广泛涉及到当代文理知识的各个领域。演讲在大会上获得热烈反响,文章发表以后评议不绝迄今
Clifford Geertz, the current U.S. chief cultural anthropologist and member of the American Academy of Sciences, has been Professor of Anthropology at the Princeton Institute for Advanced Studies since 1970. Born in 1926 in San Francisco, Keith graduated from Harvard University and taught at the University of California and the University of Chicago. He has been traveling to Indonesia and North Africa for several field trips since the 1950s. His major publications include “Cultural Interpretation” (1973), “Religion in Java” (1960), “Barry Time and Behaviors” (1966), “Islamic Observations” (1968), and Anthropology Home as a Writer “(1988). Gilts recalled: ”My view of culture is semiotic, people fall into the meaning of the network that culture is the human self-woven network of its analysis is not to find the law, but to explain the social performance of Meaning. “(” Cultural Interpretation “). Ji’s has gradually become one of the most important contemporary American hermeneutic accounts since the 1970s and represents the research direction of the highly developed cultural theory in the United States today. This article is the author’s ”Outstanding Anthropologist Lecture“ at the National Anthropological Conference, 1983, first published in the June issue of the American Journal of Anthropologists. The Chinese translation is based on a corpus of ”Relativism: Explanations and Arguments" (edited by M. Crowds in 1989), which is included in this article. The theme of this article is to address the issue of relativity of the highest and most controversial human knowledge in contemporary world of thought. Its style is to analyze the composition of the related issues themselves, and thus involves various fields of contemporary literary and art knowledge. The speech received a warm response at the conference, and the article was still not commented until now