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中华民族是历史悠久的民族,5000年的文明史积淀了丰富灿烂的文化。中国的传统文化有许多封建性的糟粕,需要加以剔除;同时又有许多精华,需要我们加以继承和发展。中国的传统文化内容极其丰富,其中占主导地位的是儒家文化。先秦时期,各学派“百家争鸣”,儒家文化只是众多学派中的一派。汉代,汉武帝采纳董仲舒“罢黜百家、独尊儒术”的建议,遂使儒家文化逐渐成为统一的专制国家的官方文化,对稳定封建统治和统一人们的思想,起了重要作用。宋代,出现了以程朱理学为代表的新儒学,儒学作为官方文化进一步得到强化。直到新文化运动前,儒家文化一直居于统治地位。故今天我们研究传统文化,主要是研究儒家文化。
The Chinese nation is a long-established nation. The 5000-year history of civilization has accumulated a rich and splendid culture. There are many feudal dross in China’s traditional culture that needs to be removed. At the same time, there are many essences that we need to inherit and develop. China’s traditional culture is extremely rich in content, of which the dominant is Confucian culture. During the pre-Qin period, the schools of all kinds contend for a hundred schools of thought. Confucianism is only one of many schools of thought. The Han and Han dynasties adopted Dong Zhongshu’s proposal of “eliminating one hundred and respecting Confucianism alone.” Therefore, the Confucian culture gradually became the official culture of a unified, authoritarian state and played an important role in stabilizing the feudal rule and unifying people’s thinking. In the Song Dynasty, Neo-Confucianism represented by Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism appeared and Confucianism was further strengthened as the official culture. Until the New Culture Movement, Confucianism had always dominated. Therefore, today we study traditional culture mainly to study Confucian culture.