本文概述了土壤酶的研究历史及方法,较为详尽地论述了土壤酶与肥力、剖面深度、作物产量及土壤管理间的关系。土壤酶活性是影响农业生产力的主要因素之一,与土壤肥力密切相关。土壤中个别酶活性仅反映土壤某一特殊的生化过程,不能作为土壤肥力评价的准则。但土壤中对肥力贡献最大的酶活性群体(几个关键酶类)可作为肥力评价的总体参数。应当分土类研究确定与肥力密切相关的酶活性群体,尽快研究制定我国土壤肥力分级的酶活性指标。 This paper summarizes the research history and methods of soil enzymes, and discusses in detail the relationship between soil enzymes and fertility, depth of profile, crop yield and soil management. Soil enzyme activity is one of the main factors that affect agricultural productivity, which is closely related to soil fertility. The individual enzyme activity in soils reflects only a specific biochemical process of soils and can not be used as a criterion for soil fertility assessment. However, the enzyme activity groups (several key enzymes) that contribute the most to fertility in soil can be used as the overall parameters of fertility evaluation. Soil classification should be studied to determine closely related to fertility enzyme activity groups, as soon as possible to develop our country soil fertility classification of enzyme activity indicators.