一、引言作为中国“五四”新文学运动的领军人物,鲁迅对文学的追求不仅仅彰显艺术审美价值,更为重要的是文学的社会价值。这一社会价值在新旧交锋的20世纪初主要体现在对于人权的呼唤层面,而提倡个性权利、反对封建主义、彰显人道主义精神也成为鲁迅弃医从文的关键原因。在《科学史教篇》中,鲁迅阐释了自己关于科学和文学的认识。他认为社会的发展不仅需要自然科学知识,更需要人文精神,人文 I. INTRODUCTION As the leading figure in the “May Fourth Movement” of China’s literary movement, Lu Xun’s pursuit of literature not only shows the artistic aesthetic value, but more importantly, the social value of literature. At the beginning of the 20th century, the social value was mainly reflected in the call for human rights. The promotion of individual rights, opposition to feudalism and humanitarianism have also become the key reasons for Lu Xun’s abandonment of medical treatment. In Teaching History of Science, Lu Xun explained his own understanding of science and literature. He believes that the development of society requires not only natural science knowledge but also humanistic spirit and humanity