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在同一供肥水平下研究31个糯玉米品种的钾素分配转移特性,分析糯玉米钾素分配转移规律及其与钾素吸收利用的关系,揭示钾素分配转移的基因型差异及其对产量形成的作用。结果表明,糯玉米生育期间钾素在各器官的分配与氮、磷不同,钾素不随生长中心的转移而转移,在生育期间钾素主要分配在叶片和茎秆中,开花前主要分配在叶片中,开花后钾素分配到茎秆中最多。糯玉米不同品种各器官钾素转移率存在显著差异。相关分析表明,钾素转移率主要影响产量和钾素利用效率的高低,而对钾素吸收总量及钾收获指数影响较小。通径分析表明,鲜穗、鲜子粒及成熟子粒中高产品种叶片的钾素转移率较高,叶鞘的钾素转移率高有利于品种鲜穗、鲜子粒及成熟子粒钾素利用效率的提高。
Under the same fertilization level, the distribution and transfer characteristics of potassium in 31 waxy maize cultivars were studied. The distribution and transfer of potassium in waxy maize and their relationship with the absorption and utilization of potassium were analyzed. The differences in genotypic distribution of potassium partitioning and its effect on yield The role of formation. The results showed that during the growth of waxy corn, the distribution of potassium in different organs was different from that of nitrogen and phosphorus, and potassium did not transfer with the growth center. During the growth period, potassium was mainly distributed in leaves and stems, In the flowering, potassium is distributed to the stem in the most. There were significant differences in potassium transfer rate in different organs of waxy corn. Correlation analysis showed that K transfer rate mainly affected yield and K use efficiency, but had little effect on K uptake and K harvest index. Path analysis showed that the potassium transfer rate of high-yielding cultivars in fresh spike, fresh grain and mature grain was higher, and higher potassium transfer rate of leaf sheath was beneficial to the improvement of potassium use efficiency of fresh ear, fresh grain and mature seed.