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目的:总结近年来国内外有关干细胞在修复毛细胞丢失和损伤的研究近况,探讨干细胞替代疗法在听觉损伤方面的研究进展。资料来源:应用计算机检索Elsevier数据库1990-01/2005-05相关听觉损伤及干细胞修复的文献,检索词“stemcellsandhearingcellregeneration”。资料选择:对搜集的文献进行筛选。纳入标准:①毛细胞损伤与丢失。②听觉损伤与修复。③干细胞替代疗法治疗听觉损伤。排除标准:①干细胞的致瘤性。②综述文献、重复研究。资料提炼:共收集54篇关于听觉损伤修复文献,纳入17篇符合标准的文献,9篇文献对干细胞运用进行分析评价。资料综合:内耳细胞尤其是毛细胞及相关的神经元损伤丢失可导致听觉损伤和平衡觉失调。由于哺乳动物前庭和耳蜗毛细胞的再生修复能力非常有限,因此通常认为毛细胞的损伤丢失是导致感音神经性聋的主要成因,并且靠自身是无法再生与修复。细胞替代疗法在治疗耳聋性疾病方面具有广阔的运用前景,是近年来听觉研究领域十分关注的热点。移植治疗耳聋的最佳方法是利用耳源性干细胞。最近,研究者分别从刚出生大鼠的柯蒂氏器和成年小鼠的前庭椭圆囊分离出胚胎样多分化潜能的干细胞,内耳干细胞将是重塑毛细胞再生和恢复听觉功能的重要细胞源。结论:干细胞在治疗毛细胞丢失引发的听觉损伤方面具有重要价值,随着研究的深入细胞替代疗法必然呈现诱人的前景。
OBJECTIVE: To summarize recent studies on the repair and repair of hair loss and damage of stem cells at home and abroad, and to explore the research progress of stem cell replacement therapy in hearing impairment. Source: Retrieved from Elsevier database 1990-01 / 2005-05 Literature related to auditory impairment and stem cell repair, search term “stem cell and heartaring regeneration”. Data Selection: Screening of collected documents. Inclusion criteria: ① hair cell damage and loss. ② hearing damage and repair. ③ stem cell replacement therapy for hearing loss. Exclusion criteria: ① tumorigenicity of stem cells. ② review the literature, repeat the study. DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 54 literatures on auditory damage repair were collected, 17 literatures were included, and 9 literatures were used to analyze and evaluate stem cell utilization. DATA SYNTHESIS: Loss of inner ear cells, especially hair cells and related neuronal damage, can lead to hearing impairment and imbalance of balance. Because mammalian vestibular and cochlear hair cells have very limited ability to regenerate and repair, loss of hair cells is generally believed to be the major cause of sensorineural deafness and can not be regenerated and repaired by itself. Cell replacement therapy has broad application prospects in the treatment of deafness diseases, and is a hot spot in the field of auditory research in recent years. The best way to treat deafness is to use otic stem cells. Recently, researchers isolated embryonic-like pluripotent stem cells from the vestibular oval sac of newborn rats and from adult mice, respectively. The inner ear stem cells will be important cellular sources for remodeling of hair cells and restoring auditory function . CONCLUSIONS: Stem cells are of great value in the treatment of auditory damage caused by loss of hair cells, and with the in-depth study of cell replacement therapy, there is bound to be an attractive prospect.