1964年初,我们在豫东商丘县大吴庄大队,建立了一个有5000亩耕地的旱、涝、碱综合治理试验区。该试验区地处废黄河故道(1835年前)以南的冲积平原上。它的地形和水文地质特征,与多次的黄泛沉积有联系,这里岗、坡、洼起伏,地面大平小不平,土层排列紊乱,地下径流滞缓,地面没排水出路,地下水位常年在1.5米以上,矿化度1～2克/升,这是形成花碱地的主要条件。 这里年降雨量700毫米左右,因受半湿润半干旱季风气候影响,60％以上的降雨,多以暴雨集中降落于7～8两个月,而其它季节往往干旱,形成春旱夏涝,且涝中有旱,涝后又旱,旱涝和盐碱相伴发生。雨涝受淹后抬高地下水位,干旱又加剧地面蒸发返盐,旱涝和盐碱是相互联系又互相制约的统一体。因而,花碱地的改良与旱涝的解决,必须统筹考虑,综合治理。这是我们多年来对改良花碱地的指导思想和科学依据。 At the beginning of 1964, we established a trial area of ​​drought, waterlogging and alkali comprehensive management with 5000 mu of arable land in Dawuzhuang Brigade in Shangqiu County, East Henan. The experimental area is located on the alluvial plain south of the old Yellow River (before 1835). Its topography and hydrogeological features are linked to several times of pan-pan deposition, where hills, valleys and valleys are scattered, the ground is uneven, the soil layers are arranged in disorder, the underground runoff is stagnant, and the ground is not drained. The water table is perennial in the 1.5 meters above the salinity of 1 to 2 grams / liter, which is the main conditions for the formation of cauliflower. Due to the semi-humid and semi-arid monsoon climate, more than 60% of the rainfall is mostly concentrated in rainy days with rainfalls falling from 7 to 8 for two months. In other seasons, the rainfall tends to be dry and floods occur in summer and drought in summer. In a drought, drought and drought, drought and salinity accompanied by. When flooding flooded, the groundwater level was elevated, and the drought intensified the return evaporation of salt on the ground. Drought, flood and salinization were the interconnected and mutually restrictive entities. Therefore, the improvement of the spermine and the solution to the droughts and floods must be comprehensively considered and comprehensively managed. This is our guiding ideology and scientific basis for the improvement of the flower base for many years.