20世纪文学研究的一个最重要进展,就是重估读者的地位。法国学者巴尔特认为“读者不再是原文的消费者,而是原文的创造者。巴尔特的这一论断运用到译者身上是最恰当不过了。翻译是一种语言交流活动,一种特殊的语言交流活动。布拉格语言学派主要代表人物雅各布森曾就一般语言交流过程提出过一个模式: 代码发出者——信息——接受者 One of the most important advances in 20th century literature is the reevaluation of readership. Barthes, the French scholar, believes that ”the reader is no longer the original consumer, but the creator of the original text, and Barthel’s assertion is the most appropriate for the translator." Translation is a language exchange activity, Special language exchange activities. Jacobson, the main representative of the language school in Prague, proposed a model for the process of general language exchange: code issuer - information - receiver