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目的调查马鞍山市孕妇焦虑、抑郁发生率及其与孕妇对精神卫生知识知晓情况和对精神疾病态度的关联,为制定健康教育计划提供理论依据。方法选取2014年11月-2015年2月在该院产检的孕妇为研究对象,问卷调查621名孕妇人口学信息,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)测评孕妇焦虑、抑郁情况,采用《精神卫生知识问卷和精神疾病态度问卷》调查孕妇相关知识和态度情况。结果孕期轻度和中重度焦虑发生率为12.9%和1.3%,轻度和中重度抑郁发生率为28.0%和13.4%,孕期焦虑与抑郁呈显著正相关(r=0.7,P<0.001)。孕妇精神卫生知识总分(13.4±3.7)分,知晓率62.6%;孕妇对精神卫生态度总分(35.9±5.5)分。自评健康状况与孕期焦虑有相关性(P<0.05);户口、文化程度、自评健康状况、精神卫生知识知晓与孕期抑郁有相关性(P<0.05)。结论根据孕妇焦虑、抑郁等心理状态,制定提高知识认知水平和改善态度的健康教育计划,促进孕妇心理健康。
Objective To investigate the incidence of anxiety and depression among pregnant women in Ma’anshan city and its relationship with mental health status and attitude towards mental illness in pregnant women and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating health education programs. Methods A total of 621 pregnant women from November 2014 to February 2015 were enrolled in this study. The demographic data of 621 pregnant women were collected. The anxiety self-rating scale (SAS) and depression self-rating scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the pregnant women Anxiety and depression, the “mental health knowledge questionnaire and mental illness attitude questionnaire” survey of pregnant women related knowledge and attitudes. Results The incidence of mild and moderate anxiety during pregnancy was 12.9% and 1.3% respectively. The incidences of mild and moderate depression were 28.0% and 13.4%. There was a significant positive correlation between anxiety and depression during pregnancy (r = 0.7, P <0.001). Mental health knowledge of pregnant women score (13.4 ± 3.7) points, awareness rate of 62.6%; pregnant women on mental health attitude score (35.9 ± 5.5) points. There was a correlation between self-rated health status and pregnancy anxiety (P <0.05). There was a significant correlation between the status of self-rated health status, self-rated health status, mental health knowledge and depression during pregnancy (P <0.05). Conclusion According to anxiety, depression and other psychological status of pregnant women, to develop health education programs to improve knowledge and improve cognitive attitude and promote mental health of pregnant women.