随着医学科学与相关专业技术的发展,手术、麻醉、监测手段相应提高。新的手术方法、手术方式、手术范围和手术适应证逐年扩大和增加。伴发肾脏病和肾功能损害的手术病人据我院1995统计约占4%～6%。高血压病、糖尿病、痛风,高龄手术病人合并肾损害者,有所增加。围手术期易发生急性肾衰的体外循环心内直视手术,严重多发伤、挤压伤,重症感染,应激反应强的大手术其发生率虽有下降,但仍在5%～30%之间。围手术期由于病人病理生理,血流动力学改变,应激反应强度,肝脏清除率大小,医疗用药反应的不同, With the development of medical science and related professional technology, surgery, anesthesia and monitoring methods have been improved accordingly. New surgical methods, surgical methods, surgical range and surgical indications have expanded and increased year by year. Surgical patients with renal disease and renal damage according to our hospital in 1995 statistics account for about 4% to 6%. Hypertension, diabetes, gout, elderly patients with renal damage surgery, an increase. Perioperative cardiopulmonary bypass with acute renal failure prone to open heart surgery, severe multiple injuries, crush injuries, severe infections, severe stress response to the surgery despite its decline, but still 5% to 30% between. Perioperative due to the patient’s pathophysiology, hemodynamic changes, the intensity of stress response, the size of the liver clearance, the difference in medical drug response,