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目的了解2011—2014年上海市静安区中小学学生营养状况,为制定相应的防治策略提供依据。方法从上海市静安区所有中小学校中随机抽取小学和中学各5所,获取17 022人为调查对象,使用Epi Data 3.1数据库录入,SPSS 16.0软件分析。结果中小学生营养不良、较低体重和肥胖检出率基本呈现逐年上升趋势;2014年超重和肥胖检出率最高,分别达13.06%和18.20%。各学习阶段的较低体重检出率顺序为高中>初中>小学;肥胖检出率初中高于小学和高中,2014年初中阶段最高达20.75%。营养不良、较低体重检出率女生高于男生,超重和肥胖检出率男生高于女生。结论静安区中小学生营养过剩和营养不良状况并在,形势严重,有关部门应给予重视。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Jing’an District of Shanghai from 2011 to 2014 and provide the basis for formulating the corresponding prevention and control strategies. Methods Five primary and secondary schools were randomly selected from all primary and secondary schools in Jing’an District, Shanghai. A total of 17 022 individuals were selected as survey subjects. Epi Data 3.1 database and SPSS 16.0 software were used to analyze the data. Results The prevalence of malnutrition, lower body weight and obesity in primary and middle school students tended to increase year by year. In 2014, the detection rates of overweight and obesity were the highest, reaching 13.06% and 18.20% respectively. The lower detection rate of body weight in each study stage was high school> junior high school> primary school. The detection rate of obesity was higher than that of primary school and high school. The highest grade was 20.75% in the middle and junior middle school in 2014. Malnutrition, lower weight detection rate of girls than boys, overweight and obesity detection rate of boys than girls. Conclusions The prevalence of malnutrition and malnutrition among primary and secondary school students in Jing’an District is still at a serious situation. Relevant departments should pay attention to this situation.