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运用更有效的量化指标来了解和表征土壤碳库的变化是研究土壤碳库动态平衡的基础,也是评价土壤肥力和生态系统的可持续性的必要手段。我们采用土壤碳库管理指数,讨论了国家黑土肥力监测区内的不同施肥情况下土壤碳库的变化。结果显示:施肥与否、施肥种类和数量均对土壤活性有机碳和土壤碳库管理指数有非常显著的影响,施肥尤其高量有机肥与化肥(NPK)配施。更有助于土壤活性有机碳的增加,相应地也就提高了土壤碳库管理指数(CMPI),M2+CK、M4+CK、MO+NPK、M1+NPK、1.5M1+NPK、M2+NPK、M4+NPK各施肥处理对土壤活性有机碳提高的贡献率分别高达15.6％、24.8％、63.6％、135.1％、144.2％、185.9％和256.5％,对土壤碳库管理指数的提高系数达0.48、0.72、1.17、3.21、4.70、7.86和10.44。农业生产中必须切实地重视高量有机肥与化肥(NPK)的配施,以求保持土壤肥力,提高土壤质量,使土壤碳库处于良性状态,最终达到维持土壤的可持续利用之目的。
Using more effective quantitative indicators to understand and characterize changes in soil carbon stocks is the basis for studying the dynamic balance of soil carbon stocks as well as a necessary tool for assessing soil fertility and ecosystem sustainability. We use the soil carbon pool management index to discuss the changes of soil carbon pool under different fertilization conditions in the national black soil fertility monitoring area. The results showed that fertilization or not, types and quantities of fertilizers all had a very significant impact on soil active organic carbon and soil carbon pool management index. Fertilizers, especially high amounts of organic manure and chemical fertilizers (NPK), were applied. But also contributed to the increase of soil active organic carbon, correspondingly, the soil carbon pool management index (CMPI), M2 + CK, M4 + CK, MO + NPK, M1 + NPK, 1.5M1 + NPK, M2 + NPK , And the contribution rates of M4 + NPK fertilization to the increase of soil active organic carbon were as high as 15.6%, 24.8%, 63.6%, 135.1%, 144.2%, 185.9% and 256.5% respectively, and the increasing coefficient of soil carbon management index was 0.48 , 0.72, 1.17, 3.21, 4.70, 7.86 and 10.44. In agricultural production, we must attach earnest importance to the combination of high amount of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer (NPK) in order to maintain soil fertility, improve soil quality and make the soil carbon pool in a benign state, finally achieving the purpose of maintaining the sustainable use of soil.