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以七年生湘南梨(Xiang-nan Pyrus)为研究对象,观察新梢及果实的生长动态,并进行相关性分析。结果表明,新梢3月中旬开始生长,7月下旬停止生长,生长期达119 d,生长过程中出现3～5次生长高峰,新梢生长3～4次,生长高峰4次,净生长量高峰3次;叶片生长3～5次,生长高峰3次,净生长量高峰5次;加粗生长4～5次,生长高峰5次,净生长量高峰4次。果实生长从4月上旬花谢幼果期开始,直至8月下旬停长,生长期达126～133 d,果实纵横径在生长过程中出现4～7次生长高峰期,生长高峰4次;净增长量高峰现4～7次,果实纵径7次,果实横径4次。果实生长曲线和新梢生长曲线是逐步升高的单曲线,有4次生长高峰,呈双“S”曲线;果实净生长量有4～7次生长高峰,其生长曲线是双“S”或多“S”曲线,而新梢生长的净生长量有3次生长高峰,呈“S”曲线。建议梨树栽培管理时要求头年加强水肥管理的同时,4月下旬为最佳施肥时期,同时在果梢生长旺期加强根外追肥来缓解养分的竞争。
The Xiang-nan Pyrus, a seven-year-old student, was selected as the research object to observe the growth dynamics of shoots and fruits and to make correlation analysis. The results showed that shoots started to grow in mid March and stopped growing in late July. The growth period reached 119 days. The growth peak appeared 3 to 5 times. The shoots grew 3 to 4 times and the growth peak reached 4 times. The net growth 3 times of peak growth, 3 times of growth of leaves, 3 times of growth peak, 5 times of peak of net growth; bold growth of 4 ~ 5 times, 5 times of growth peak and 4 times of peak of net growth. Fruit growth started from the early April flower Hsiahe young fruit until the end of August to suspend growth, the growth period of 126 ~ 133 d, fruit length and breadth growth during the 4 to 7 growth peak, the growth peak 4 times; net growth Peak is 4 to 7 times, the fruit length 7 times, 4 times the diameter of the fruit. The fruit growth curve and shoot growth curve are the single curve with gradual increase. There are four growth peaks with double “S ” curve. The net growth of fruit has 4 ~ 7 growth peak, and its growth curve is double “ S ”or more “ S ”curve, while the net growth of shoot growth has three peak growth, was “ S ”curve. Proposed cultivation and management of pear requires the first year to strengthen the management of water and fertilizer at the same time in late April for the best time for fertilizers, while growing in the shoots to enhance root top dressing Wang to alleviate nutrient competition.