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对于大型载重车辆或轴距较大车辆,车架的柔性对整车振动特性的影响不容忽视。一般采用有限元法建立车架的柔体模型,但该模型规模大、求解效率低,不便于进行快速参数敏感度分析及结构优化。提出了运用多刚体离散元法快速建立车架有限自由度柔体模型的方法,所建模型可方便用于后续结构优化。以某混凝土搅拌运输车为例,建立了整车的动力学模型,并分析了其振动特性。通过对该车的振动测试,验证了所建模型的准确性及建模方法的有效性,为后续减振优化奠定了基础,可为类似结构车辆的动力学建模提供参考。
For large trucks or vehicles with large wheelbase, the impact of frame flexibility on vehicle vibration characteristics can not be ignored. Generally, the flexible body model of frame is established by finite element method. However, the model is large in size and low in solution efficiency, which is not convenient for rapid parameter sensitivity analysis and structural optimization. The method to quickly establish the finite-freedom flexible body model using multi-rigid-body discrete element method is proposed. The proposed model can be easily used in subsequent structural optimization. Take a concrete mixer truck as an example, the dynamic model of the whole vehicle is established and its vibration characteristics are analyzed. Through the vibration test of the vehicle, the accuracy of the model and the validity of the modeling method are verified, which lays the foundation for subsequent vibration reduction and optimization, which can provide reference for the dynamic modeling of a similar structure vehicle.