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观察是记者采访的基本功之一。而观察被访者的行为、举止、表情眼神等(即本文所指的身体语言)又是“掌握被访者各种具有个性化表现的重要手段”。它是观察运作方法中“微观观察法”的一种,起到“见微知著”的作用。 国外有研究家认为,人们在面对面交谈时,有声部分传递信息的效果低于35％,而65％的交际信号是无声的,这说明人体语言为交流提供着大量的辅助信息。例如当一个小孩讨厌某种食物时,他能无声地暗示出一种“讨厌”的神情,可以说在某种情况下,是“无声胜有声”。
Observation is one of the basic skills interviewed by reporters. However, observing the respondents’ behaviors, demeanor, facial expression and so on (that is, the body language referred to in this paper) is also “an important means of grasping each individual’s individualized performance.” It is a method of observing the “microscopic observation method” of the method of operation, playing a role of “seeing the micro knowledge.” Some foreign researchers believe that when people face to face talking, the voiced part of the effect of information is less than 35%, while 65% of the communicative signals are silent, which shows that the human language provides a large number of auxiliary information for the exchange. For example, when a child hates a certain food, he silently suggests a “nasty” look, which can be said in some cases to be “silent.”