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材料是我国四化建设中八个影响全局的重大学科之一,大力研究材料科学技术,对全面实现农业,工业,国防和科学技术现代化,具有极其重要作用。我们在使用材料时,强度是其中一个重要的问题,因此对材料强度,以及影响强度的因素,应有充分认识。根据位错理论,当前材料的强度,仍远远落后理论上所估计的数值。可是值得令人深思的是,从位错理论提出到现在,已四十多年,而在研究提高材料的强度时,几乎都不以位错理论为主导思想,却依靠改变显微结构来获得。为什么?这是由于工程材料不同于单晶
Materials are one of the eight major disciplines affecting the overall development of the four modernizations in our country. It is of great importance to study material science and technology and fully realize the modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense and science and technology. Strength is one of the important issues that we use when using materials, so there is a full understanding of material strength and the factors that affect strength. According to dislocation theory, the strength of current materials is still far behind the theoretically estimated values. However, it is worth pondering why it has been more than 40 years since the theory of dislocations was proposed, and almost no dislocation theory has been the dominant thought in the study of increasing the strength of materials. Instead, it has been obtained by changing the microstructure . Why? This is due to the engineering material is different from the single crystal