矿山工程处于地下几十米,几百米甚至上千米深的岩体中。岩体与其他建筑物结构物不同的基本特点之一,就是岩体在自重及其他因素影响下处于一定的应力状态。在没有开挖地下工程之前,岩体内存在的应力称为原岩应力场(也称岩体一次应力场),岩体中开挖井巷工程以后形成新的应力场,称为岩体次生应力场(也称岩体二次应力场)。应力场就是应力在空间各点的分布(包括各应力分量的大小和方向)。原岩应力场是客观存在于岩体之中的自然力场,它是在地壳形成的亿万年过程中生成的。对于人类采矿活动所涉及的地 Mine engineering in the ground tens of meters, a few hundred meters or even thousands of meters deep rock. One of the basic characteristics of rock mass and other structures is that the rock mass is in a certain stress state under the influence of self-respect and other factors. In the absence of excavation of underground engineering, the stress in the rock mass known as the original rock stress field (also known as the primary stress field of rock), rock in the excavation of roadway engineering to form a new stress field, known as rock times Health stress field (also known as secondary stress field). Stress field is the distribution of stress at each point in space (including the size and direction of each stress component). The original rock stress field is a natural force field existing objectively in the rock mass, which is generated during millions of years of crustal formation. For those involved in human mining activities