众所周知,传统沿用的休哈特(W. A. Shewhart)控制图的实质是区分偶然因素和异常因素两类因素所形成的样本质量差异。当发生任何异常因素时,休哈特控制图都给予告警,也即休哈特图对所有异常因素都加以控制——全控,因此休哈特图也可称为全控图。我国北京邮电学院张公绪副教授所创造的选控图则不然;选控图可以只选择部份异常因素(称之为欲控异常因素)加以控制——选控,而对其余异常因素(称之为非控 It is well known that the essence of the traditionally used control chart of W. A. ​​Shewhart is to distinguish the sample quality differences formed by the accidental and abnormal factors. When any anomaly occurs, the Shewhart control chart gives an alarm. That is, Shewhart chart controls all abnormal factors—full control, so Shewhart chart can also be called full control chart. The selection control chart created by the associate professor Zhang Gongxu of the Beijing Institute of Posts and Telecommunications in our country is not the case; the election control chart can be controlled by selecting only some abnormal factors (called anomalous factors to be controlled)—selective control, and other abnormal factors (called Uncontrolled