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同样是社会主义国家,同样是人口出生率不断下降。中苏两国都面临着一个严峻的社会问题,即人口日益老龄化。据统计,80年代中后期,60岁及60岁以上的老年人口在全社会的总人口比重中,苏联已超过15％,中国则为8％左右,预计到2000年,也将超过10％,和苏联一样,成为“老年型”国家。由于社会经济的发展、医疗水平提高和生活水平的改善,老年人平均寿命不断延长,从而大大加快了人口老化的步伐。在这种情况下,如何安排好退休人员的晚年生活,尤其是如何充分利用他们丰富的知识、经验和技术,使其继续发挥“余热”,为社会主义现代化建设服务,这是中苏两国政府和企业所面
The same is a socialist country, the same is the declining birth rate. Both China and the Soviet Union are facing a serious social problem of an aging population. According to statistics, in the mid and late 1980s, the proportion of the elderly population aged 60 and over in the total population of the whole society has exceeded 15% in the Soviet Union and about 8% in China. It is estimated that by the year 2000, it will exceed 10% Like the Soviet Union, it has become an “old age” country. Due to the socio-economic development, the improvement of medical care and the improvement of living standard, the average life expectancy of the elderly is continuously prolonged, thus greatly accelerating the pace of population aging. Under such circumstances, how can we arrange for the retirement workers to live in their later years, especially how to make full use of their rich knowledge, experience and technology to enable them to continue to exert their “waste heat” and serve the socialist modernization? This is the time when China and the Soviet Union Government and business face