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肺炎链球菌常定植于人的鼻咽部,是人体正常定植微生物群,托幼机构的儿童肺炎链球菌携带率可以高达60%～70%[1]。但该菌也是人类社区感染的常见致病原,可引起局部组织或器官感染,如中耳炎、鼻窦炎、肺炎等,也可引起脓胸、败血症、脑膜炎等侵袭性感染。为什么肺炎链球菌有时引起疾病,平常却是定植菌?除了易感宿主的因素,也与菌株之间致病力存在差异或变异有关[2]。肺炎链球菌对抗生素的耐药性问题也是研究焦点之一,流行病学调查表明菌株之间耐药性存在明显不同。
Streptococcus pneumoniae often colonization in the human nasopharynx, is the normal colonization of human microbiota, child care institutions of children Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage rate can be as high as 60% to 70% [1]. However, the fungus is also a common causative agent of human community infection and can cause infection of local tissues or organs such as otitis media, sinusitis and pneumonia. It can also cause invasive infections such as empyema, sepsis and meningitis. Why is Streptococcus pneumoniae sometimes cause disease, usually it is colonization of bacteria? In addition to susceptible host factors, but also with the pathogenicity differences between strains or variation [2]. Streptococcus pneumoniae antibiotic resistance is also one of the focuses of research, epidemiological surveys show that there is a clear difference in drug resistance between strains.