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本文通过对增长极理论、委托代理理论、创新理论和知识扩散理论的文献进行综合的梳理和总结,尝试寻找出扩散效应和回流效应的微观基础以及它们适用的使用情境。主要结论有三点:第一,通过将知识扩散作为财富分配的回流效应和扩散效应的中介变量,再结合委托代理理论来分析知识扩散过程中的个体行为,就可以建立起一套从微观到宏观的分析体系。第二,从长期来看,经济发展应该是一个新极不断替代旧极的过程。第三,回流效应与扩散效应的分析体系的使用有约束条件的,必须在满足约束条件的情况下才能使用。通过研究,本文认为,在促进经济增长与贫富均衡的双元平衡方面,政府能否积极有效地普及前沿的通用性知识,满足破坏性创新所需要的多样性和知识基础显得极为重要。
This paper tries to find out the microscopic foundation of diffusion effect and return effect and their applicable usage scenarios by comprehensively reviewing and summarizing the literature of growth pole theory, principal-agent theory, innovation theory and knowledge diffusion theory. The main conclusions are as follows: First, through the diffusion of knowledge as the mediating variable of the return effect and diffusion effect of wealth distribution, combined with principal-agent theory to analyze the individual behavior in the process of knowledge diffusion, we can establish a set of micro-macro Analysis system. Second, in the long run, economic development should be a process of replacing the old poles with new ones. Third, the use of the analytical system of backflow effects and diffusion effects has constraints and must be satisfied if the constraints are met. Through research, this paper argues that it is very important for the government to actively and effectively popularize the frontier universal knowledge and meet the diversity and knowledge base needed for disruptive innovation in promoting the dualistic balance between economic growth and the balance between the rich and the poor.