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为了进一步研究麦秸直接还田对作物产量的影响及培肥土壤效应,寻求适合本区特点的培肥增产模式,进行单施化肥、麦秸还田不施化肥和麦秸还田加施一定量化肥与对照(无麦秸还田、不施肥)进行对比试验。结果表明:麦秸直接还田对后茬作物产量增产效果显著(P<0.05),麦秸还田加施化肥比单一进行麦秸还田对后茬作物产量增产效果极显著(P<0.01),施化肥配施麦秸还田比单施化肥对后茬作物产量增产效果也显著(P<0.05);麦秸直接还田对土壤有机质、全氮、全磷及土壤碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾有不同程度地增加。同时,麦秸直接还田有利于降低土壤容重,增加土壤孔隙度和透水速率,提高土壤微生物和土壤酶活性。麦秸还田加施一定量化肥应大力推广。
In order to further study the effect of direct straw returning on crop yield and soil fertility-improving effect, we can find a fertilizing and yield increasing mode that is suitable for the characteristics of this area, applying chemical fertilizers, Control (no wheat straw, fertilization) for comparison test. The results showed that the effect of direct straw returning on crop yield increase was significant (P <0.05). The ratio of wheat straw returning to field application of chemical fertilizers was significantly higher (P <0.01) Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizers, the wheat yield also increased significantly (P <0.05). The direct return of wheat straw to soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were different To a degree increase. At the same time, direct straw returning to the soil is beneficial to reduce the bulk density of soil, increase the porosity and water permeability of soil, and improve the activity of soil microorganism and soil enzyme. Wheat straw applied to a certain amount of fertilizer should be vigorously promoted.