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自从1978年首例试管婴儿诞生以来,辅助生殖技术(ART)取得了重大进展。显微操作仪的使用,使胞浆内单精于注射(ICSI)治疗严重男性不育成为可能。显微操作技术还可用于辅助孵化、胚胎活检和核移植。序贯培养液的使用,使胚胎体外培养至囊胚期。未成熟卵母细胞的体外培养以及体外精子发生也取得了许多进展。另外,玻璃化技术的应用简化了卵子及胚胎的冻存,提高了卵子的冷冻存活和妊娠率。生殖医学领域的基因治疗尚处于基础试验阶段。
Since the birth of the first IVF in 1978, significant progress has been made in assisted reproductive technology (ART). The use of a micromanipulator makes intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) possible for the treatment of severe male infertility. Micromanipulation techniques can also be used to assist in hatching, embryo biopsy and nuclear transfer. The use of sequential culture medium to culture embryos in vitro until blastula stage. Much progress has also been made in in vitro culture of immature oocytes and in vitro spermatogenesis. In addition, the application of vitrification technology simplifies the cryopreservation of eggs and embryos and increases the egg’s cryopreservation and pregnancy rate. Gene therapy in reproductive medicine is still in the basic experimental stage.