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洪涝灾害是我国发生最频繁,危害最严重的自然灾害之一。新中国成立以后,党和政府领导各族人民建水库,修堤防,并结合采用非工程措施,提高江河的防洪能力,取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就。但是,由于财力、物力和目前科学技术水平的限制,洪涝灾害还不能完全防止。40多年来,洪涝灾害年年有。据不完全统计,1950～1990年,全国洪涝受灾面积年均1.15亿亩,成灾面积年均7088万亩。1954年长江大洪水,使4755万亩农田被淹,1880多万人受灾,直接经济损失达100亿
Floods and disasters are one of the most frequent and endangered natural disasters in our country. Since the founding of New China, the party and the government have led the people of all nationalities to build reservoirs and embankments to prevent floods. The combination of non-engineering measures to improve the flood control capability of rivers has made tremendous achievements that attract worldwide attention. However, due to financial and material resources and the current level of science and technology, flooding can not be completely prevented. 40 years, floods every year. According to incomplete statistics, from 1950 to 1990, the flood-affected area nationwide averaged 115 million mu each year, with an average annual area of 70.88 million mu. In 1954, the floods in the Yangtze River left 47.55 million mu of farmland flooded and affected more than 18.8 million people, with a direct economic loss of 10 billion yuan