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导言功率应与能量耗散率相关的概念,被许多研究者用以确定平衡条件下的泥沙输运率。由于天然河流的动力本性,河流的水力学性质、泥沙性质和几何性质易于变化。但是,通过自由地调整各个变量,河流仍可保持平衡或准平衡。天然河流的性质服从最小能量耗散率的普遍理论,这个假设被用来解释冲积渠道和河流中观察到的动力现象。本文的目的在于提供最小能量耗散率的理论基础,试图说明这一普遍理论和一些简化的最小化理论之间的一致性。本文的重点,是以运动方程和连续方程为基础的数学推演,以表明这一理论如何能推广到固体边界明渠中的无泥沙运动;并用实验资料和野外资料来证明这一理论的正确性及其可能的应用。
Introduction The concept of power, which should be related to the energy dissipation rate, has been used by many researchers to determine sediment transport rates under equilibrium conditions. Due to the dynamic nature of natural rivers, the hydraulic, sediment and geometric properties of rivers tend to vary. However, rivers can still be balanced or quasi-balanced by freely adjusting each variable. The assumption that the nature of natural rivers follow the universal theory of minimum energy dissipation rates is used to explain the observed dynamics in alluvial channels and rivers. The purpose of this paper is to provide a theoretical basis for the minimum energy dissipation rate and try to illustrate the consistency between this general theory and some simplified minimization theories. The emphasis of this paper is on the mathematical deduction based on the equations of motion and continuous equations to show how this theory can be extended to the sediment-free movement in the open channel of the solid boundary. The experimental data and the field data are used to prove the correctness of the theory And its possible applications.