在电力需要剧增之下,许多先进工业国家正在兴建100～110万千瓦级的火电站和原子能电站。而且由于一般产业界的机器大容量化以及制造能力的提高,使大型机械的制造显得容易了。近十年来,在水力发电方面,水轮机的大容量化也有了显著进展。根据扩大的电力系统对电力要求的增长及电站机电建设的经验,多认为采用少机台大容量设备是较经济的,从设计、制造、运输等方面来看,也没有什么特殊的问题限制其发展。同时,由于水轮机对负荷变化的适应性能良好,在夜间和周末利用剩余电力向水库抽水,在平时白天电力需求高时再用这些水来发电,从而促进了蓄能电站建设的发展。蓄能电站与纯发电用的电站相比,水库小而且建设地点的选择较自由,水头高时造价便宜,所以多倾向于建设高水头大容量的电站。 Under the dramatic increase in electricity demand, many advanced industrial countries are constructing 100-1,1 million kilowatts of coal-fired power stations and nuclear power plants. Moreover, manufacturing of large-sized machines is made easier by increasing the capacity of machines in the general industry and manufacturing capacity. In the past decade, significant progress has also been made in hydroelectric power generation with large capacity turbines. According to the enlarged power system requirements for power generation and power station construction experience, we think that it is more economical to use less equipment and large capacity equipment, and there are no special problems in terms of design, manufacture and transportation to limit its development . In the meantime, due to the good adaptability of the turbine to the load changes, the water is pumped back to the reservoir at night and on weekends, and then used to generate electricity when the electricity demand is usually high in the daytime, thereby promoting the construction of the storage power station. Compared with purely generating stations, reservoirs are small and the choice of construction site is relatively free. When the head is high, the cost is low, so it is more inclined to build a high-head and high-capacity power station.