一切生物都能把它的各种遗传性状传递给它的后代,而什么是遗传伩息的载体,却是经过长期的观察研究,才搞清楚的。上世纪提出基因的概念,认为通过基因传递遗传伩息。而基因是什么,却全然无知。本世纪初,人们致力于把基因物质化。到四十年代,发现一切生物的遗传物质都是核酸,而基因就是核酸分子上的功能单位。核酸有两种:一种叫脱氧核糖核酸(简称DNA),一种叫核糖核酸(简称RNA)。核酸是由四种核苷酸按照各种各样的排列顺序连接起来的、很长很长的大分子。生物的各种遗传性状, All living beings can pass on its various genetic traits to its descendants, and what is the carrier of genetic rest and recovery is only clear after long-term observation and study. The concept of genes was proposed in the last century, and genetic transmission of information through the gene was considered. What genes are, but totally ignorant. The beginning of this century, people are committed to the genetic material. By the 1940s, it was discovered that the genetic material of all living things is a nucleic acid, and a gene is a functional unit on a nucleic acid molecule. There are two kinds of nucleic acids: one is called DNA (DNA), the other is called RNA (RNA for short). Nucleic acids are long, long macromolecules that are linked together in a variety of sequences by four nucleotides. Biological genetic traits,