论文部分内容阅读
目的了解成都市某社区老年人的健康现状,探讨各因素间可能的作用方式。方法采用单纯随机抽样的方法在成都市某社区内选取65岁及以上常住老年人口进行面对面调查,对健康状况采用描述性分析,并构建结构方程模型探讨各因素间可能的作用方式。结果该社区老年人的慢性病患病率和2周患病率分别为57.0%和17.1%,部分老年人(21.3%)存在心理健康问题,老年人的社会支持平均得分为34.45分。老年人的健康素养具备率仅为10.6%。结构方程模型拟合结果显示:健康素养影响老年人生理健康和社会支持状况的路径系数分别为0.12和0.34;生理健康影响心理健康和社会支持状况的路径系数分别为0.35和0.19;老有所为情况影响老年人社会支持状况的路径系数为0.11。人口学特征接影响老年人社会支持和老有所为情况的路径系数分别为0.44和0.29。社会经济地位影响老年人健康素养和老有所为情况的路径系数分别为0.89和0.14。结论该社区老年人的慢性病患病率和2周患病率较高,部分老年人存在心理健康问题,老年人的社会支持水平不高。而且,老年人的健康素养具备率不高。影响老年人健康状况的主要因素有人口学特征、健康素养、老有所为情况,社会经济地位可以通过健康素养的中介作用来影响老年人的生理健康和社会支持,进而还可以通过生理健康影响老年人的心理健康。
Objective To understand the health status of the elderly in a community in Chengdu and to explore the possible ways of action among the various factors. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select face-to-face elderly people aged 65 years and above in a community in Chengdu. Descriptive analysis of health status was conducted. The structural equation model was constructed to explore possible modes of action among various factors. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases and the prevalence of 2-week prevalence in the elderly in this community were 57.0% and 17.1% respectively. Some of the elderly (21.3%) had mental health problems. The average social support rate of the elderly was 34.45. Elderly health literacy with only 10.6%. The fitting results of structural equation model show that the path coefficients of health literacy on the physiological and social support of the elderly are 0.12 and 0.34, respectively. The path coefficients of physiological health on the mental health and social support are 0.35 and 0.19 respectively. The path coefficient that affects the social support status of the elderly is 0.11. The path coefficients of demographic characteristics followed by social support and old behaviors that affect the elderly are 0.44 and 0.29, respectively. The path coefficients of socioeconomic status affecting health literacy and aging of the elderly are 0.89 and 0.14, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases and the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly in this community are high. Some elderly people have mental health problems, while the elderly have low levels of social support. Moreover, the health literacy of the elderly is not high. The main factors affecting the health status of the elderly are demographic characteristics, health literacy, aging behavior, socio-economic status can affect the elderly’s physical health and social support through the intermediary role of health literacy, and then through the impact of physical health Mental health of the elderly.