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最近化学家在含有锡、碳及硅的分子中的两个锡原子之间发现了一种新型的化学键。在常温下,锡的二价与四价状态几乎同样稳定。含碳、锡、硅的分子在气相的结构表明锡与碳原子生成两个单键(图1)。C-Sn-C键角为96°。在固态,此分子二聚形成锡—锡键。新的二聚分子不是呈平面型,而是呈以锡原子为顶点的金字塔型。锡—锡键明显地比双键长,比单键短。不像常规的二价或四价的状态。
Recently, chemists discovered a new type of chemical bond between two tin atoms in molecules containing tin, carbon and silicon. At room temperature, the divalent and tetravalent states of tin are almost the same. The structure of the molecules containing carbon, tin and silicon in the gas phase shows that the two single bonds are formed between tin and carbon atoms (Figure 1). The C-Sn-C bond angle is 96 °. In the solid state, this molecule dimerizes to form tin-tin bonds. The new dimeric molecules are not planar, but pyramidal at the apex of the tin atom. Tin-tin bonds are clearly longer than double bonds and shorter than single bonds. Unlike the usual bivalent or quaternary state.