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本文采用套式ＰＣＲ（Ｎｅｓｔｅｄｐｏｌｙｍｅｒａｓｅｃｈａｉｎｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ）技术对６１例婴儿肝炎综合征（Ｎｅｏｎａｔａｌｈｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓ）患者进行了ＨＣＭＶ（Ｈｕｍａｎｃｙｔｏｍｅｇａｌｏｖｉｒｕｓ）检测，结果表明，当只用一对引物进行ＰＣＲ时，检出３３例患者为ＨＣＭＶ阳性，阳性检出率为５４．１％；而采用套式ＰＣＲ后，有１７例为ＨＣＭＶ阳性，阳性检出率提高到７７．０％。可见套式ＰＣＲ方法的阳性检出率明显高于单一ＰＣＲ，并远高于目前使用的其它方法。同时也说明ＨＣＭＶ是导致肝炎综合征的主要病原体之一。此外，灵敏性和特异性试验表明，套式ＰＣＲ技术的敏感度高、特异性强、简单快速，在临床检测和诊断中具有很大的潜力。
In this study, 61 cases of neonatal hepatitis syndrome (Neonatalhepatitis) were detected by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The results showed that when only one pair of primers was used for PCR, 33 cases were positive for HCMV, The positive detection rate was 54.1%. After nested PCR, 17 cases were positive for HCMV and the positive detection rate was 77.0%. It can be seen that the positive detection rate of nested PCR method is obviously higher than that of single PCR and much higher than the other methods currently used. It also shows that HCMV is one of the major pathogens leading to hepatitis syndrome. In addition, sensitivity and specificity tests have shown that the nested PCR technique is highly sensitive, specific, simple and rapid, and has great potential in clinical testing and diagnosis.