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AIM: To investigate the expression and localization of periostin in gastric cancer and its clinical relevance.METHODS: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to measure periostin mRNA expression. West blotting was carried out to detect periostin protein expression. Immunohistochemistry was performed to localize and quantify the expression of periostin in benign gastric diseases and gastric cancer,and immunostaining results were correlated with gastric cancer pathological stages.RESULTS: Periostin expression was low at both mRNA and protein levels in normal gastric tissues,but was overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues.Immunohistochemical staining revealed that periostin was overexpressed in primary gastric cancer, as well as in metastatic lymph nodes, but only faint staining was found in benign gastric ulcers. By quantitative analysis of the immunostaining results, periostin expression was increased 2.5-4-fold in gastric cancer, compared to that in benign gastric disease, and there was a trend toward increasing periostin expression with tumor stage.CONCLUSION: This observation demonstrated that periostin was overexpressed in gastric cancer and lymph node metastasis, which suggests that periostin plays an important role in the progression and metastasis of gastric cancer.