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以帽儿山地区红松-蒙古栎林下地表混合可燃物为材料,进行不同含水率、载量和混合比例的室内点烧试验,观测得到蔓延速率、驻留时间、反应强度、火线强度和火焰长度,并与采用表面积加权法和载量加权法的广义Rothermel模型预测值进行比较.结果表明:广义Ro-thermel模型对红松-蒙古栎林下地表混合可燃物的林火蔓延速率、反应强度的预测平均绝对误差分别为0.04m·min-1、77kW·m-2,预测平均相对误差分别为16%、22%;对驻留时间、火线强度和火焰长度的预测偏低,预测平均绝对误差分别为15.5s、17.3kW·m-1和9.7cm,预测平均相对误差分别为55.5%、48.7%和24%.这些误差可以看成是用该模型预测同类可燃物相应火行为的误差下限.两种加权算法对模型预测精度影响差异不大,当红松可燃物所占比重较小时,表面积加权法得到的蔓延速率和反应强度预测值精度较高,载量加权法得到的火线强度和火焰长度预测值精度较高;当红松可燃物所占比重较大时,结果则相反.
The indoor burning experiment with different water content, loading and mixing ratio was carried out with the combustible material mixed under the surface of Pinus koraiensis-Quercus mongolica forest in Mao’ershan region. The propagation rate, residence time, reaction intensity, fire line intensity and Flame length was compared with that of the generalized Rothermel model using the surface area weighting method and the load weighting method. The results show that the generalized Ro-thermel model can predict the forest fire spread rate of surface mixed fuel under the Pinus koraiensis-Quercus mongolica forest, The average absolute error of prediction was 0.04m · min-1,77kW · m-2, respectively, and the average relative errors of prediction were 16% and 22% respectively. The prediction of residence time, fire line intensity and flame length was low. The absolute errors are 15.5s, 17.3kW · m-1 and 9.7cm, respectively, and the average relative errors are predicted to be 55.5%, 48.7% and 24%, respectively. These errors can be regarded as the errors of corresponding fire behavior of similar combustibles The two weighted algorithms have little difference on the prediction accuracy of the model.When the proportion of the konjak combustibles is small, the accuracy of prediction of the spread rate and reaction intensity obtained by the surface area weighting method is higher, and the weighting method Firewire strength and high precision prediction value of the flame length; Pinus when a larger proportion of combustibles, the results were reversed.