本文提出一种快速识别金属材料中缺陷的位置、形状和大小的新方法 .该方法用位于分界面上的多个等效线圈产生的场等效逼近因缺陷存在引起的扰动场 ,使逆问题的求解中每次需用数值方法求解正问题的过程转变为每次用解析法求解正问题 .缺陷的重构速度比用体积分方程法提高十倍以上 .直线裂缝和十字型裂缝的重构计算证明本文方法是正确的和快速有效的 In this paper, a new method to quickly identify the location, shape and size of defects in metallic materials is proposed. This method uses the equivalent field generated by multiple equivalent coils located on the interface to approximate the perturbation field caused by the existence of defects, Every time the problem of numerical solution to the positive problem is transformed into a problem of solving the positive problem analytically every time.The defect reconstruction rate is more than ten times faster than that of the volume integral equation method.The reconstruction of the straight crack and cross crack Calculation shows that the method in this paper is correct and fast and effective