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1929年的中东路事件是中苏关系史上的重要事件,学术界虽对此已有不少研究,但由于原始资料不足,对很多问题的研究尚不够深入。争议颇多的起因,就不能简单归结为路权问题,也不是帝国主义联合反苏行动,而是由中苏“共管”体制的矛盾、地缘政治及中方决策失误等多种因素造成的。中东路事件发生后,美、日、英、法、德等大国根据自身的利益采取对策,力图使事态向有利于己的方向发展,结果既未出现南京政府期待的西方大国共同声援中国的情景,也未形成苏联预言的西方大国联合反苏的局面。中东路事件唯一的、真正的获益者是非当事国日本。
The Middle East Road incident in 1929 was an important event in the history of Sino-Soviet relations. Although there have been quite a few studies in this field in academic circles, the research on many issues is still not deep enough due to the lack of original information. The causes of many controversies can not simply be attributed to the right of way, nor to the imperialists’ joint anti-Soviet actions. They are caused by various factors such as the contradictions between the Sino-Soviet system of “conciliation”, geopolitical issues and mistakes in decision-making by China. . After the incident on Middle East Road, the major powers such as the United States, Japan, Britain, France, Germany and other countries took countermeasures according to their own interests in an attempt to develop the situation in a direction conducive to their own interests. As a result, neither the big powers in the world that the Nanjing government expected to provide solidarity with China Nor did they form a joint anti-Soviet situation with the Western powers predicted by the Soviet Union. The only real beneficiary of the Middle East incident is non-party Japan.