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20世纪中叶,法国经济社会史学家欧内斯特·拉布鲁斯以价格、工资、资本系列数据为基础,运用社会学、经济学和计量学等学科方法,提出了自己关于经济危机的理论,从而成为危机理论的奠基者。该理论一方面植根于法国18世纪以来的重农主义,另一方面也符合第二次世界大战以后急欲促成史学与社会科学相结合的年鉴学派的需求。危机理论提出后,虽得到国际价格史科学委员会的肯定,但在法国国内遭到传统史学家的猛烈抨击。拉布鲁斯在年鉴学派的支持下最终进入了史学界,开辟了史学研究的新领域。20世纪80年代以后,随着新材料和新理论的涌现,拉布鲁斯的危机理论不断受到质疑和批判,影响力日渐式微,终遭其门生放弃。拉布鲁斯危机理论的兴衰,折射出史学与经济学、社会学错综复杂的结合过程。
In the mid-20th century, Ernest LaBrus, a French economic and social historian, put forward his own theory of economic crisis based on the series of data of prices, wages and capital, using methods of sociology, economics and metrology, The founder of the crisis theory. On the one hand, this theory is rooted in the agrarianism of France since the 18th century and on the other hand meets the needs of the Yearbook School which was anxious to promote the combination of history and social science after World War II. After the crisis theory was put forward, though it was affirmed by the Scientific Committee on International Price History, it was severely criticized by the traditional historians in France. La Bulus in the yearbook school eventually entered the field of history, opened up a new field of historical research. After the 1980s, with the emergence of new materials and new theories, LaBrusse’s theory of crisis has been constantly questioned and criticized. Its influence is diminishing gradually and finally abandoned by his students. The rise and fall of La Bruce’s crisis theory reflects the intricate combination of history and economics and sociology.