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Background Prospective mortality studies in the United States revealed that the mortality was elevated in diabetics compared to normal individuals following chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Our study was conducted to investigate the levels of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) of astrocytes in SCl in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: SCl group, diabetic SCI group,and sham operation control group. We employed STZ-induced diabetic SD rats and a weight-drop contusion SCI model.The rats were sacrificed on day 7 after the induction of SCI. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis were used to detect the PDGF expression level. Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (BBB) was also used to evaluate the neurological recovery level of the rats.Results PDGF positive astrocyte numbers were significantly higher and PDGF staining was more intensive in astrocytes in the SCI group than in the diabetic SCI group (P