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在复杂型面激光热成形工艺规划中,激光需要在板材的不同位置进行加热,加工出所需要的目标形状,而加热位置不同板材的变形不同。为了实现板材不同加热位置加工工艺参数的选择,分别探讨了温度梯度机制和屈曲机制条件下加热位置对板材变形的影响规律。研究结果表明,在温度梯度机制条件下,当加热位置远离自由端时,加热位置对弯曲角的影响不大,当加热位置距自由端较近时,加热位置对弯曲角有较大影响;在屈曲机制条件下,加热位置不仅影响板材的弯曲角,而且影响板材的弯曲方向。因此,在复杂曲面工艺规划中为了更准确地确定加工工艺参数,建立工艺参数与板材弯曲变形基本关系数据库,必须考虑激光加热位置对变形的影响。
In the complex surface laser thermoforming planning, the laser needs to be heated in different locations of the plate to produce the desired target shape, and the deformation of the different plates at the heating position is different. In order to choose the processing parameters of different heating positions of plates, the influence laws of temperature gradient mechanism and heating position on the deformation of plates under buckling mechanism were discussed respectively. The results show that the heating position has little effect on the bending angle when the heating position is far away from the free end under the temperature gradient mechanism. When the heating position is closer to the free end, the heating position has a greater influence on the bending angle. Under the buckling mechanism, the heating position not only affects the bending angle of the sheet, but also affects the bending direction of the sheet. Therefore, in order to determine the processing parameters more accurately and establish the basic relation database of process parameters and plate bending deformation, the influence of laser heating position on the deformation must be considered.