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随着南极科学考察的深入,特别是近几年来南极条约协商国围绕着南极矿产资源的讨论,包括石油与天然气的现状如何,便愈来愈引起各个国家的关注。那么,南极有石油与天然气吗?答案是肯定的,但却不是简单的。这当然与南极所处的特殊位置和由此决定的人类在南极的活动以及资源政策有关。人们知道,南极洲是一个由巨厚的冰雪所覆盖的寒冷的大陆,是一个几乎没有被人类的活动所破坏的各种生态及自然环境保存最好的天然公园。有人估计,如果南极的冰雪全部消融,地球表面的海平面将会升高70米!这就决定了人类在南极的资源活动包括资源勘探与资源开发等是相当困难而又是必须十分慎重的。因此,很长时期以来,人类对南极的矿产资源包括石油与天然气在内,更多的是从科学研究角度去进行推测。科学家们研究,在
With the deepening of Antarctic scientific expeditions, especially in recent years, Antarctic Treaty consultative countries around the discussion of the Antarctic mineral resources, including the current status of oil and natural gas, will increasingly draw the attention of all countries. So is the Antarctic oil and gas? The answer is yes, but not simple. This, of course, is related to the special location of Antarctica and the human activities in the Antarctic thus decided and the resource policy. People know that Antarctica is a cold continent covered by thick snow and ice and is the best preserved natural park of various ecological and natural environments which is hardly destroyed by human activities. Some people estimate that if the Antarctic ice and snow melt, the surface of the Earth’s sea level will rise 70 meters! This determines the human resources activities in the Antarctic, including resource exploration and resource development is quite difficult but must be very careful. Therefore, human resources for Antarctica, including oil and natural gas, have been included for a long period of time, more so from scientific research perspectives. Scientists study at