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建国以后,我国中小学领导体制经过多次变革,先后实行过校务委员会制、校长责任制、党支部领导下的校长负责制、当地党委和主管的教育行政部门领导下的校长负责制、革命委员会制、党支部领导下的校长分工负责制和校长负责制等7种主要领导体制,实质上是三种主要形式:委员会制、党委制和一长制。分析整理历次体制变革的过程与特点,对于理顺学校内外部关系、推动学校变革具有重要意义。
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the leadership system of primary and secondary schools in our country has undergone many changes and successively implemented the school-based committee system, the principal’s responsibility system, the principal’s responsibility system under the leadership of the party branch, the principal responsible system under the leadership of the local party committee and the competent education administration department, and the revolution The seven major leadership systems, such as the committee system and the headmaster’s system of division of work under the leadership of the party branch, and the system of principal responsibility, are essentially three major forms: committee system, party committee system and one-length system. Analyzing and sorting out the process and characteristics of the previous institutional changes is of great significance to straightening out the internal and external relations within the school and promoting the reform of the school.