1976年Sebastian等在早期慢性肾功能不全患者中发现高钾血症、高氯性酸中毒,并命名为IV型肾小管性酸中毒(IV型RTA)。其原发疾病多为肾小球以外的间质性肾炎和肾盂肾炎等。特点为肾素、醛固酮呈低值,尿pH值可低于5.5。该患肾素、醛固酮生成减少,服盐皮质类固醇可使症状缓解。本症有多种亚型。有细胞外液量增加伴高血压者,服利尿剂可使症状缓解。因病因不清,故各亚型分类名称尚未统 In 1976, Sebastian et al. Found hyperkalemia and hyperchloremic acidosis in patients with early-stage chronic renal insufficiency and named type IV renal tubular acidosis (type IV RTA). The primary disease mostly glomerular beyond the interstitial nephritis and pyelonephritis and so on. Characterized by renin, aldosterone was low, urine pH can be less than 5.5. The risk of developing renin, aldosterone production, salt corticosteroids can relieve symptoms. There are many subtypes of this disease. With extracellular fluid volume increases with high blood pressure, diuretics can relieve symptoms. Because of the cause is unclear, so the sub-category name has not been unified