我们知道,在1934年召开的苏联第一次作家代表大会上,社会主义现实主义被确定为苏联文学的基本创作方法。过去在谈到这一创作方法时,对这个方法是何人何时提出的,是否经过讨论和争论,当时对它的基本原则是如何说明的等等问题,或加以回避,或语焉不详。下面将根据现在见到的各种文献资料谈一谈这方面的情况。这里讲的苏联文学主要是指苏联社会主义文 We know that socialist realism was identified as the basic creative method of Soviet literature at the Soviet Union’s first writers’ congress in 1934. In the past, when talking about this method of creation, we asked questions such as when did this method be proposed, whether or not it was discussed and debated, and at that time the question of how its basic principle was described was avoided or absent. In the following, we will talk about the situation in this respect based on the various documents we have seen so far. The Soviet literature here mainly refers to the Soviet socialist literature