研究了山东暗色粘性土的腐殖质特性、粘土矿物组成和特性、土壤养分含量和变异性。探讨了各养分性质与其它土壤性质的相关性。结果表明：暗色粘性土的腐殖质组成中以难分解的胡敏素类物质为主，土壤矿质胶体以蒙脱石类膨胀性粘土矿物为主。土壤由此而表现出其通透性差、耕性不良和有效养分缺乏的肥力特征。 The humus characteristics, clay mineral composition and characteristics, soil nutrient content and variability of dark-colored clay in Shandong were studied. The relationship between nutrients and other soil properties was discussed. The results show that humic substances in dark cohesive soil are dominated by hard-to-decompose humin and the mineral colloids are dominated by montmorillonite and expansive clay minerals. The soil thus exhibits fertility characteristics of poor permeability, poor tillage and lack of available nutrients.